Sexually Transmitted Disease
Disease and Man
Section D 2.4
of CXC syllabus 2004.
Sexually Transmitted Diseases
Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are
infections that you can get from having sex with someone who has the infection.
The causes of STDs are bacteria, parasites and viruses. There are more than 20
types of STDs. In the developing world, STDs are an even greater public health
problem as the second leading cause of healthy life lost among women between 15
and 44 years of age1.
1. AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome)
Cause: By Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
through contact with infected person's body fluid e.g. during sexual
intercourse, blood transfusion.
Symptoms: Opportunistic infections : body
immune system becomes weakened and cannot defend itself. Person usually die
from infections rather than HIV itself.
Control / Treatment: No treatment available. (Control by
preventing causes e.g. use of condom, Avoid contact with infected persons, test
blood before transfusions)
2. Genital Herpes
Cause: virus spread during sexual intercourse
(Type 2) .Type 1 can be transmitted by kissing, or sharing contaminated
utensils. It can be transmitted from mother to child during childbirth. Genital
ulcer diseases facilitate enhanced HIV transmission1.
Symtoms: Small painful blisters on genitals and
surrounding areas (T2), or sores around lips and mouth (T1)
Control/ Treatment: No cure for genital herpes.
Once infected, person is infected for life.
(Picture taken from :http://www.webmd.com/sexual-conditions/ss/slideshow-std-pictures-and-facts)
3.Human papillomavirus (HPV): is
the most common viral sexually transmitted disease worldwide. The prevalence
ranges from 20% to 46% in young women worldwide2.
Symptoms: It causes warts on: external
genital, cervical, vaginal, urethral and anal warts as well as conjunctival,
nasal, oral and laryngeal warts. HPV can lead to cancers of the cervix, vulva, vagina, and anus in women. In men, it can
lead to cancers of the anus and penis2.
Control: Correct usage of latex condoms greatly reduces,
but does not eliminate, the risk of catching or spreading HPV. Vaccines can
protect against several types of HPV, including some that can cause cancer2.
References
NB: Please report any inaccurate information to nabeel_uddin1@yahoo.com
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